If they cannot enter the cell, then sooner or later, their faith is sealed. This is particularly important for viruses that cannot reproduce themselves but are reproduced by the host cell, i.e., by the body cell.
Another possibility is that the vaccination prevents pathogen attachment to the host cells. Examples are the classical vaccinations against diphtheria and tetanus.
This is sufficient if the toxin is the only harmful feature of the pathogen. There we leave the pathogen completely alone and vaccinate only against the toxin. An easy one is still the example of vaccinating against a toxin. “There is a whole range of possibilities, and it depends very much on which strategy the pathogen has developed to settle and spread in the body. How infectious vaccinated individuals exactly remain depends, among other things, on the vaccine and the characteristics of the virus. Nevertheless, in such cases, vaccinated individuals can still pass on the virus. As a result, the disease takes a comparatively mild course.
While symptoms are frequently observed here, they are less severe due to the trained immune system. However, with certain vaccines, the viruses still manage to penetrate the body’s cells and multiply despite vaccination. Infection is avoided, and the likelihood of infecting other people is reduced. Viruses, for example, can be intercepted by antibodies and thus no longer penetrate the cells of the body. Most vaccines approved to date produce high antibody titers, i.e., high antibody levels that neutralize pathogens. However, there are differences in how vaccinations work. The body’s own defense mechanisms are now quickly and specifically activated. If one comes into contact with the pathogen after vaccination, the immune system recognizes it. Depending on the type and quality of the vaccine, the immune system reacts similarly to an actual infection: it begins to produce antibodies and immune cells. The vaccine simulates an actual infection by mimicking the virus or bacterium. Vaccines protect against infectious diseases by preparing the immune system for a pathogen. And there are actually only very few examples where this worked out, meaning to develop a vaccine that is better than what our natural immune response can do.” Of course, it is more difficult to produce a successful vaccine against them because it would have to be better than our natural immunity. This already indicates that, although an immune response is initiated, it is evaded or blocked, or some other mechanisms take effect – and the pathogens can persist despite ‘immunity’ and continue to survive in the body. You do not necessarily have to get sick right away, but you are nevertheless infected for life. You have it but cannot get rid of it as quickly, or sometimes not at all, which means that you are infected for life. Other clinical pictures are chronic, for example, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS. In case of an acute infection an immune response is mobilized, the body’s own defense system, which is generally successful if it intervenes quickly. Here we are talking about viruses they attack the body relatively quickly and cause an acute disease pattern. “It works very well for childhood diseases like measles, mumps, and rubella.
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